• Propensity Score Estimation with Multi-Layer Neural Networks

    Updated: 2022-12-19 11:31:34
    Home Search Browse Collections My Account About Digital Commons Network™ Skip to main content Home About FAQ My Account Home DISSERTATIONS AAI29320828 Propensity Score Estimation with Multi-Layer Neural Networks Igor Migunov Fordham University Abstract The propensity score analysis is a statistical tool for deriving causal inferences in a broad class of settings when the randomized controlled experiment is not feasible in terms of design or research ethics . Observational studies provide enormous amounts of data statistical processing of which , nevertheless , can not explicitly answer the question of how large is the effect of the treatment on the outcome due to the effects of the confounders . The propensity score makes it possible for a researcher to reduce the confounders to one

  • Chaos gives the quantum world a temperature

    Updated: 2022-12-14 16:39:18
    Two seemingly different areas of physics are related in subtle ways: Quantum theory and thermodynamics. How can the laws of thermodynamics arise from the laws of quantum physics? This question has now been pursued with computer simulations, which showed that chaos plays a crucial role: Only where chaos prevails do the well-known rules of thermodynamics follow from quantum physics.

  • Curved spacetime in the lab

    Updated: 2022-12-09 18:55:45
    In a laboratory experiment, researchers have succeeded in realizing an effective spacetime that can be manipulated. In their research on ultracold quantum gases, they were able to simulate an entire family of curved universes to investigate different cosmological scenarios and compare them with the predictions of a quantum field theoretical model.

  • New quantum dots study uncovers implications for biological imaging

    Updated: 2022-12-05 20:37:55
    Researchers report the synthesis of semiconductor 'giant' core-shell quantum dots with record-breaking emissive lifetimes. In addition, the lifetimes can be tuned by making a simple alteration to the material's internal structure.

  • New instrument measures supercurrent flow, data has applications in quantum computing

    Updated: 2022-12-05 20:37:40
    An extreme-scale nanoscope is beginning to collect data about how pulses of light at trillions of cycles per second can control supercurrents in materials. The instrument could one day help optimize superconducting quantum bits, which are at the heart of quantum computing, a new and developing technology.

  • Changing the color of quantum light on an integrated chip

    Updated: 2022-12-01 21:34:39
    Recently, researchers have developed an integrated electro-optic modulator that can efficiently change the frequency and bandwidth of single photons. The device could be used for more advanced quantum computing and quantum networks.

  • An exotic interplay of electrons

    Updated: 2022-12-01 19:19:18
    Water that simply will not freeze, no matter how cold it gets -- a research group has discovered a quantum state that could be described in this way. Experts have managed to cool a special material to near absolute zero temperature. They found that a central property of atoms -- their alignment -- did not 'freeze', as usual, but remained in a 'liquid' state. The new quantum material could serve as a model system to develop novel, highly sensitive quantum sensors.

  • Physicists observe wormhole dynamics using a quantum computer

    Updated: 2022-11-30 16:47:12
    Scientists have developed a quantum experiment that allows them to study the dynamics, or behavior, of a special kind of theoretical wormhole.

  • Pulses driven by artificial intelligence tame quantum systems

    Updated: 2022-11-30 16:46:37
    Machine learning drives self-discovery of pulses that stabilize quantum systems in the face of environmental noise.

  • Engineers use quantum computing to develop transparent window coating that blocks heat, saves energy

    Updated: 2022-11-29 21:59:02
    Scientists have devised a transparent coating for windows that could help cool the room, use no energy and preserve the view.

  • Quantum algorithm of the direct calculation of energy derivatives developed for molecular geometry optimization

    Updated: 2022-11-29 16:27:41
    Researchers have successfully extended the quantum phase difference estimation algorithm, a general quantum algorithm for the direct calculations of energy gaps, to enable the direct calculation of energy differences between two different molecular geometries. This allows for the computation, based on the finite difference method, of energy derivatives with respect to nuclear coordinates in a single calculation.

  • The entanglement advantage

    Updated: 2022-11-28 16:30:02
    Researchers have demonstrated a way to entangle atoms to create a network of atomic clocks and accelerometers. The method has resulted in greater precision in measuring time and acceleration.

  • Achieving a quantum fiber

    Updated: 2022-11-23 16:38:41
    Researchers have successfully demonstrated the transport of two-photon quantum states of light through a phase-separated Anderson localization optical fiber.

  • Spin correlation between paired electrons demonstrated

    Updated: 2022-11-23 16:32:21
    Physicists have experimentally demonstrated for the first time that there is a negative correlation between the two spins of an entangled pair of electrons from a superconductor. For their study, the researchers used spin filters made of nanomagnets and quantum dots.

  • Quantum algorithms save time in the calculation of electron dynamics

    Updated: 2022-11-22 20:28:07
    Quantum computers promise significantly shorter computing times for complex problems. But there are still only a few quantum computers worldwide with a limited number of so-called qubits. However, quantum computer algorithms can already run on conventional servers that simulate a quantum computer. A team has succeeded in calculating the electron orbitals and their dynamic development using an example of a small molecule after a laser pulse excitation. In principle, the method is also suitable for investigating larger molecules that cannot be calculated using conventional methods.

  • Microlaser chip adds new dimensions to quantum communication

    Updated: 2022-11-22 02:58:09
    With only two levels of superposition, the qubits used in today's quantum communication technologies have limited storage space and low tolerance for interference. Engineering's hyperdimensional microlaser generates 'qudits,' photons with four simultaneous levels of information. The increase in dimension makes for robust quantum communication technology better suited for real-world applications.

  • Grid of quantum islands could reveal secrets for powerful technologies

    Updated: 2022-11-17 23:42:11
    Researchers have created grids of tiny clumps of atoms known as quantum dots and studied what happens when electrons dive into these archipelagos of atomic islands. Measuring the behavior of electrons in these relatively simple setups promises deep insights into how electrons behave in complex real-world materials and could help researchers engineer devices that make possible powerful quantum computers and other innovative technologies.

  • Transformation between different topological spin textures

    Updated: 2022-11-11 15:30:47
    The transformation between skyrmions and bimerons has now been realized by scientists.

  • New quantum phase discovered for developing hybrid materials

    Updated: 2022-11-08 13:26:20
    Scientists have discovered that, in the crystalline solid Ba1-xSrxAl2O4, a highly disordered atomic arrangement is formed in the AlO4 network at chemical compositions near the structural quantum critical point, resulting in both characteristics of crystalline and amorphous materials. This hybrid state can be created simply by mixing raw materials uniformly and heating them. These findings are expected to help with the development of hybrid materials for use in harsh environments, such as outer space, by applying the technique to a variety of materials.

  • Breakthrough in optical information transmission

    Updated: 2022-10-31 18:40:13
    Scientists have managed for the first time to create a unidirectional device that significantly increases the quality of a special class of transmitted signals in optical communications: optical vortices. By transmitting selective optical vortex modes exclusively unidirectionally, the developed device largely reduces detrimental backscattering to a minimum. The scientists emphasize the great practical utility of their discovery in many optical systems, with applications ranging from mode division multiplexed communications, optical tweezers, vortex lasers to quantum manipulation systems.

  • Ultra-cold mini twisters

    Updated: 2022-10-31 05:46:26
    A team of quantum physicists has established a new method to observe vortices in dipolar quantum gases. These quantum vortices are considered a strong indication of superfluidity, the frictionless flow of a quantum gas, and have now been experimentally detected for the first time in dipolar gases.

  • New form of universal quantum computers

    Updated: 2022-10-28 16:15:40
    Computing power of quantum machines is currently still very low. Increasing it is still proving to be a major challenge. Physicists now present a new architecture for a universal quantum computer that overcomes such limitations and could be the basis of the next generation of quantum computers soon.

  • New hybrid structures could pave the way to more stable quantum computers

    Updated: 2022-10-27 05:39:29
    A new way to combine two materials with special electrical properties -- a monolayer superconductor and a topological insulator -- provides the best platform to date to explore an unusual form of superconductivity called topological superconductivity. The combination could provide the basis for topological quantum computers that are more stable than their traditional counterparts.

  • Miniaturized infrared detectors

    Updated: 2022-10-25 16:25:49
    Extreme miniaturization of infrared (IR) detectors is critical for their integration into next-generation consumer electronics, wearables and ultra-small satellites. Thus far, however, IR detectors have relied on bulky (and expensive) materials and technologies. A team of scientists has now succeeded in developing a cost-effective miniaturization process for IR spectrometers based on a quantum dot photodetector, which can be integrated on a single chip.

  • First quasiparticle Bose-Einstein condensate

    Updated: 2022-10-25 05:01:27
    Scientists have created a Bose-Einstein condensate out of excitons -- quasiparticles that combine electrons and positively charged 'holes' -- in a semiconductor. Quasiparticle Bose-Einstein condensates have for six decades been something of a holy grail of low-temperature physics.

  • Advance brings quantum computing one step closer to implementation

    Updated: 2022-10-21 18:27:31
    Researchers identified possible solutions to some of the limitations of qubits for quantum computing. They looked at two different hybrid quantum systems: an electron-superconducting circuit and an electron-ion coupled system. Both systems were able to control the temperature and the movement of the electron.

  • Trapping polaritons in an engineered quantum box

    Updated: 2022-10-20 18:03:07
    Researchers have engineered a quantum box for polaritons in a 2D material, achieving large polariton densities and a partially 'coherent' quantum state. New insights from the novel technique could allow researchers to access striking 'collective' quantum phenomena in this material family, and enable ultra-energy efficient and high-performance future technologies. Laying a 'small' 2D material on top of a 'large' layer allowed the researchers to trap and investigate polaritons, comparing them with freely moving polaritons.

  • Our brains use quantum computation

    Updated: 2022-10-19 14:07:32
    A team of scientists believe our brains could use quantum computation, after adapting an idea developed to prove the existence of quantum gravity to explore the human brain and its workings. The brain functions measured were also correlated to short-term memory performance and conscious awareness, suggesting quantum processes are also part of cognitive and conscious brain functions. Quantum brain processes could explain why we can still outperform supercomputers when it comes to unforeseen circumstances, decision making, or learning something new, while the discovery may also shed light on consciousness, the workings of which remain scientifically difficult to understand and explain.

  • New measurements quantifying qudits provide glimpse of quantum future

    Updated: 2022-10-13 19:56:36
    Using existing experimental and computational resources, a multi-institutional team has developed an effective method for measuring high-dimensional qudits encoded in quantum frequency combs, which are a type of photon source, on a single optical chip.

  • Seeing electron movement at fastest speed ever could help unlock next-level quantum computing

    Updated: 2022-10-12 18:25:02
    The key to maximizing traditional or quantum computing speeds lies in our ability to understand how electrons behave in solids, and researchers have now captured electron movement in attoseconds--the fastest speed yet.

  • Physicists use 'electron correlations' to control topological materials

    Updated: 2022-10-11 21:12:29
    Topological states have stable, immutable features of great interest for quantum computing and communications, and physicists from the United States and Europe have now discovered how to switch a topological state on and off. The control is made possible by strong electron correlations, which create extreme responsiveness.

  • Optical foundations illuminated by quantum light

    Updated: 2022-10-07 16:21:30
    Despite being considered well established, the physics of optical waves have some fundamental aspects, which are still under debate. One of these effects, the anomalous behavior of focused light fields, has now been investigated in a new light, a quantum light. Researchers have shown that quantum light with a well-defined photon number behaves differently to standard focused laser beams. This finding both deepens understanding of the phenomena and enables super-sensitive distance measurements.

  • Milestones achieved on the path to useful quantum technologies

    Updated: 2022-10-06 05:12:03
    Entangled systems containing multiple quantum particles offer significant benefits in implementing quantum algorithms, which have the potential to be used in communications, data security or quantum computing. Researchers have been working to develop the first programmable optical quantum memory.

  • Dynamics in one-dimensional spin chains newly elucidated

    Updated: 2022-10-03 21:45:09
    Neutron scattering is considered the method of choice for investigating magnetic structures and excitations in quantum materials. Now, for the first time, the evaluation of measurement data from the 2000s with new methods has provided much deeper insights into a model system -- the 1D Heisenberg spin chains. A new toolbox is available for elucidating future quantum materials has been achieved.

  • For the longest time: Quantum computing engineers set new standard in silicon chip performance

    Updated: 2022-09-30 01:37:18
    Engineers have substantially extended the time that their quantum computing processors can hold information by more than 100 times compared to previous results.

  • Full control of a six-qubit quantum processor in silicon

    Updated: 2022-09-29 18:34:48
    Researchers have engineered a record number of six, silicon-based, spin qubits in a fully interoperable array. Importantly, the qubits can be operated with a low error-rate that is achieved with a new chip design, an automated calibration procedure, and new methods for qubit initialization and readout. These advances will contribute to a scalable quantum computer based on silicon.

  • Quantum technology reaches unprecedented control over captured light

    Updated: 2022-09-27 15:23:46
    Researchers in quantum technology have succeeded in developing a technique to control quantum states of light in a three-dimensional cavity. In addition to creating previously known states, the researchers are the first ever to demonstrate the long-sought cubic phase state. The breakthrough is an important step towards efficient error correction in quantum computers.

  • Artificial intelligence reduces a 100,000-equation quantum physics problem to only four equations

    Updated: 2022-09-26 16:47:53
    Researchers trained a machine learning tool to capture the physics of electrons moving on a lattice using far fewer equations than would typically be required, all without sacrificing accuracy.

  • Traditional computers can solve some quantum problems

    Updated: 2022-09-23 14:07:05
    A new study describes how machine learning tools, run on classical computers, can be used to make predictions about quantum systems and thus help researchers solve some of the trickiest physics and chemistry problems.

  • Upgrading your computer to quantum

    Updated: 2022-09-22 15:32:31
    Researchers have demonstrated how a nanoscale layer of superconducting niobium nitride (NbNx) can be grown directly onto aluminum nitride (AIN). The arrangement of atoms, nitrogen content, and electrical conductivity were found to depend on growth conditions, particularly temperature, and the spacing of atoms in the two materials was sufficiently compatible to produce flat layers. The structural similarity between NbNx and AIN will facilitate the integration of superconductors into semiconductor optoelectronic devices.

  • 'Twisty' photons could turbocharge next-gen quantum communication

    Updated: 2022-09-22 05:44:27
    Quantum researchers have demonstrated a method for encoding vastly more information into a single photon, opening the door to even faster and more powerful quantum communication tools.

  • Stephen Malina

    Updated: 2022-02-03 06:41:26
    Stephen Malina 2021 Foresight Fellow in Machine Learning for Virus & Protein Design Stephen is currently an ML scientist at Dyno Therapeutics (dynotx.com), where he’s working on applying machine learning to design better viral vectors for gene therapy. Immediately prior to joining Dyno, Stephen graduated from Columbia with an MS, during which he worked on… Continue reading Stephen Malina The post Stephen Malina appeared first on Foresight Institute.

  • JJ, Ben-Joseph

    Updated: 2022-02-03 06:40:41
    JJ, Ben-Joseph 2021 Foresight Fellow in Biosecurity and Artificial Intelligence JJ Ben-Joseph has spent much of his professional career in the confluence of security and artificial intelligence. As a member of B.Next, In-Q-Tel’s biosecurity practice, he guides and invests in artificial intelligence startups to advance national security. He is a technical contributior to artificial intelligence… Continue reading JJ, Ben-Joseph The post JJ, Ben-Joseph appeared first on Foresight Institute.

  • Mac Davis

    Updated: 2022-02-03 06:39:08
    Mac Davis Machiavelli is a biohacker and gene therapy activist developing gene therapy for the masses. The post Mac Davis appeared first on Foresight Institute.

  • Alexander Fedintsev

    Updated: 2022-02-03 06:38:35
    Alexander Fedintsev Alexander Fedintsev is a scientist and machine learning engineer. His scientific background lies in the field of bioinformatics, statistics, and machine learning. Alexander earned his M.S. in computer science from the National Research University “Moscow Power EngineeringInstitute”. Alexander worked in the Institute of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy as a bioinformatician. He also collaborated with professor… Continue reading Alexander Fedintsev The post Alexander Fedintsev appeared first on Foresight Institute.

  • Nikola T. Markov

    Updated: 2022-02-03 06:37:43
    Nikola T. Markov Nikola is a bioinformatician at the Buck Institute for Research on Aging. He is interested in the mechanisms of aging with special emphasis on brain aging. He applies multi-omics systems approaches to untangle the process of normal and pathological aging. The post Nikola T. Markov appeared first on Foresight Institute.

  • Tinka Vidovic

    Updated: 2022-02-03 06:37:11
    Tinka Vidovic Medical doctor and Ph.D. student interested in Molecular medicine, Bioinformatics, Machine learning, and Anti-aging research. The post Tinka Vidovic appeared first on Foresight Institute.

  • Yuri Deigin

    Updated: 2022-02-03 06:35:43
    Yuri Deigin Yuri Deigin, MBA is a biotech entrepreneur with a focus on early-stage translation of scientific breakthroughs into therapies. He has over a decade of drug discovery and development experience, and a track record of outlicensing products to Big Pharma. The post Yuri Deigin appeared first on Foresight Institute.

  • Test post

    Updated: 2022-01-27 15:01:57
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